Prednisone suppresses your immune system. This means it lowers your body’s ability to fight off infections.
Specifically, prednisone affects several key immune cells:
- Lymphocytes: Prednisone reduces the number and activity of these cells, which are crucial for targeting and destroying invaders. Macrophages: These cells are responsible for engulfing and eliminating pathogens. Prednisone impairs their function. Neutrophils: While prednisone’s effect is less pronounced on neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), their ability to combat infections can still be weakened.
The degree of immune suppression depends on the dose and duration of prednisone treatment. Higher doses and longer treatment periods generally lead to greater immune system compromise.
Consequently, prednisone increases your susceptibility to various infections, including:
Viral infections like the flu or herpes zoster (shingles). Bacterial infections such as pneumonia or urinary tract infections. Fungal infections, particularly if you have underlying conditions. Opportunistic infections – infections caused by organisms normally controlled by a healthy immune system.
To mitigate infection risk, consider these precautions:
- Practice meticulous hand hygiene. Avoid contact with individuals who are sick. Get recommended vaccinations, as advised by your doctor. Report any signs of infection – fever, cough, etc. – to your physician immediately.
Open communication with your doctor is paramount. Discuss any concerns about infections while taking prednisone. They can help manage your treatment and reduce infection risks.
