Warfarin interferes with Vitamin K’s role in blood clotting. Specifically, it blocks Vitamin K epoxide reductase, a crucial enzyme responsible for recycling Vitamin K. This enzyme is needed to produce clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. Without sufficient active Vitamin K, these factors aren’t produced, leading to impaired blood clotting.
The Cascade Effect: From Enzyme Blockage to Bleeding
The reduction in clotting factors causes internal and external bleeding. Rats, after ingesting Warfarin, experience this effect gradually. Initially, they might show subtle signs like nosebleeds or bruising. As the Vitamin K deficiency worsens, more severe bleeding occurs, impacting various organs and ultimately causing death.
Dosage and Effectiveness
The amount of Warfarin needed for lethal effect varies based on rat size, species, and individual factors. Multiple doses are often required for complete effectiveness; a single dose usually doesn’t suffice. Rodenticide formulations contain enough Warfarin to ensure the necessary accumulated dosage over several feedings.
